Η Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή δημοσίευσε σήμερα για πρώτη φορά πίνακα
αποτελεσμάτων για τις μεταφορές στην ΕΕ. Στον πίνακα συγκρίνονται οι επιδόσεις
των κρατών μελών σε 22 κατηγορίες σχετικές με τις μεταφορές και στις
περισσότερες από τις κατηγορίες αυτές επισημαίνονται τα πέντε κράτη μέλη με τις
καλύτερες επιδόσεις και τα πέντε κράτη μέλη με τις χειρότερες επιδόσεις.
Σκοπός αυτού του πρώτου πίνακα
αποτελεσμάτων για τις μεταφορές στην ΕΕ είναι να σχηματισθεί μια εικόνα για
τις ποικίλες επιδόσεις των κρατών μελών σε θέματα μεταφορών ανά την Ευρώπη και
να βοηθηθούν τα κράτη μέλη στον εντοπισμό ελλείψεων και στον καθορισμό
προτεραιοτήτων για επενδύσεις και χάραξη πολιτικής. Συγκεντρώνονται στοιχεία
από διάφορες πηγές (όπως η Eurostat, ο Ευρωπαϊκός Οργανισμός Περιβάλλοντος, η
Παγκόσμια Τράπεζα και ο ΟΟΣΑ). Πρόθεση της Επιτροπής είναι να καθορισθούν
δείκτες για τα προσεχή έτη, σε διάλογο με τα κράτη μέλη, τον κλάδο και άλλους
παράγοντες, και να καταγραφεί η πρόοδος των κρατών μελών με την πάροδο του
χρόνου.
Ο Αντιπρόεδρος της Επιτροπής κ. Siim Kallas, αρμόδιος για την
κινητικότητα και τις μεταφορές, δήλωσε: «Ο νέος πίνακας αποτελεσμάτων είναι ένα
φανταστικό εργαλείο που απεικονίζει πού βρισκόμαστε ως προς την πορεία εξέλιξης
των συστημάτων μεταφορών σε πιο αποτελεσματικά, πιο φιλικά προς τους πελάτες, πιο
ασφαλή και πιο καθαρά. Ο πίνακας μπορεί να δώσει απλώς μια εικόνα, αλλά
αποτελεί για εμάς και τα κράτη μέλη ένα σημείο αναφοράς και πηγή έμπνευσης για
τη συνεργασία μας.»
Η ανάγνωση του πίνακα μπορεί να γίνει είτε ανά τρόπο μεταφοράς
(οδικές, σιδηροδρομικές, εσωτερικές πλωτές μεταφορές) είτε ανά μία από τις
κάτωθι κατηγορίες:
·
Ενιαία αγορά (πρόσβαση στην αγορά, ρύθμιση)
·
Υποδομές
·
Περιβαλλοντικές επιπτώσεις
·
Ασφάλεια
·
Μεταφορά της νομοθεσίας της ΕΕ στο δίκαιο των
κρατών μελών
·
Παραβάσεις της ενωσιακής νομοθεσίας
·
Καινοτομία και έρευνα και
·
Επιμελητεία.
Στους πίνακες αποτελεσμάτων, τα κράτη μέλη με τις καλύτερες
επιδόσεις επισημαίνονται με πράσινο χρώμα και τα κράτη μέλη με τις χειρότερες
με κόκκινο χρώμα.
Ο πίνακας αποτελεσμάτων συμπληρώνεται από στατιστικές ανά χώρα
χωρίς ιεράρχηση (δαπάνες για τις μεταφορές, μερίδιο των διαφόρων τρόπων
μεταφοράς, δαπάνη της ενωσιακής χρηματοδότησης στο πεδίο των μεταφορών).
Για περισσότερες λεπτομέρειες ανά χώρα, παρακαλείσθε να
ανατρέξετε στο έγγραφο MEMO/14/277.
Στο πίνακα που ακολουθεί φαίνεται πόσες φορές κάθε χώρα
εμφανίζεται στις χώρες με τις καλύτερες επιδόσεις και πόσες φορές στις χώρες με
τις χειρότερες. Το συνολικό αποτέλεσμα υπολογίζεται με αφαίρεση των αρνητικών
αποτελεσμάτων από τα θετικά αποτελέσματα:
Ακολουθείστε τον Αντιπρόεδρο κ. Kallas στο Twitter
|
Αρμόδιοι επαφών :
Helen Kearns (+32 2 298 76 38)
Dale Kidd (+32 2 295 74 61)
|
European Commission
MEMO
Brussels, 10 April 2014
EU Transport Scoreboard – How is your country
doing?
The first ever EU
Transport Scoreboard compares Member State performance in 22
transport-relevant categories and highlights for most categories the five top
and bottom performers. Its aim is to give a snapshot of the diversity of Member
State performance in transport matters across Europe and to help Member States
identify and address shortcomings. The scoreboard brings together data from a
variety of sources (such as Eurostat, the European Environment Agency, the World
Bank and the OECD).
The scoreboard can be consulted either by mode of transport
(road, rail, maritime, air) or by one of the following categories:
·
Single
market — This assesses the level of market integration for each mode of
transport. For transport by road and rail, the assessment is based on the OECD
indicator of regulation in energy, transport and communications (ETCR). For
rail, it is based on the market share of all but the principal railway
undertakings, both for freight and passenger transport. For maritime transport,
the geographical circumstances of Member States with seaports differ widely, so
the scoreboard does not give any ranking, but shows the volume of maritime
cabotage (transport by sea between ports of the same Member State) where this
is applicable.
·
Infrastructure
— For rail, maritime and air transport, the scoreboard uses indicators based on
surveys by the
World Economic Forum. The proxy chosen for comparing road infrastructure is
motorway density (given that motorways are generally the most developed and
best maintained roads).
·
Environmental
impact — For road transport, the scoreboard relies on data from the
European Environment Agency (average CO2 emissions of new passenger
cars). For rail, the assessment is based on the share of electrified railway
lines among all railway lines (source: International Union of Railways,
UIC). For maritime and air transport, there is at present no suitable
indicator to compare Member States' environmental performance.
·
Safety
— The scoreboard includes the provisional EU road safety fatalities for 2013 (IP 14/341).
Figures on railway victims are very small in comparison, they include injured
persons. Fatality figures for maritime and air transport are extremely small
and cannot always be attributed to a specific country.
·
Transposition
of EU law — This scoreboard shows the percentage of EU transport directives
for which Member States have notified transposition measures to the Commission
by 31 December 2013, even with delays.
·
Infringements
of EU law — The Commission was dealing with a total of 202 infringement
proceedings in the area of transport on 31 December 2013. They are shown
separately for each mode of transport (and in addition, cases that are not
mode-specific, in particular concerning passenger rights). The Commission may
open infringement proceedings if it considers that a Member State does not
apply EU law properly. However, only the Court of Justice can rule definitively
that a breach of EU law has occurred.
·
Research
and innovation — This category, which spans all modes of transport, covers
two aspects: private investment in transport research and development (source: FUTRE
report) as well as the number of innovative transport companies (from the Community
Innovation Survey).
·
Logistics
— The Logistics Performance Index,
developed by the World Bank, is based on six dimensions and rates the relative
ease and efficiency with which products can be moved into and inside a country.
The scoreboard includes the newest figures which the World Bank officially
released at the EU Transport Business Summit on 27 March 2014 (http://lpi.worldbank.org).
The Commission's intention is to refine the indicators further
in the years to come, in dialogue with Member States, industry and other
stakeholders.
How is my country performing?
Belgium has a high
share of electrified railway lines and a port infrastructure that is considered
very efficient. It ranks in third position in the World Bank's Logistics
Performance Index. Belgium has a relatively high number of pending infringement
cases.
Bulgaria records
high average CO2 emissions from new passenger cars, but performs
well from a maritime perspective. Its innovation scores are low, but it is
doing well on transposition and infringements.
The Czech Republic
is found in the middle of the table for many indicators, with a relatively high
number of pending infringement proceedings in air transport and passenger
rights.
Denmark receives
top scores for a low environmental impact of road transport and ranks amongst
the best performers for road safety. Denmark and the Netherlands are the only
countries that are not amongst the bottom performers in any category.
Germany tops the
World Bank's ranking for logistics (the Logistics Performance Index). It is
amongst the top performers in 11 categories including both innovation
indicators. However, it is amongst the bottom performers in open infringements
in air transport.
In Estonia,
competitors in rail passenger transport have a high market share. Estonia is
among the bottom performers for the environmental impact of road transport. It
has a perfect 100% transposition record.
The railway market in Ireland
is closed, with the lowest share of electrified railway lines in the entire EU.
However, Ireland records few pending infringement cases.
Greece needs to
improve its performance in a number of categories, with a highly regulated
(restrictive) market in air passenger transport and no competition in the
railway sector. However, it scores highly for the environmental impact of road
transport.
Spain's rail and
aviation infrastructure is rated highly, and it ranks amongst the top
performers for road safety. However, it records a relatively high number of
pending infringement cases, especially concerning air transport.
France receives
good ratings for its rail and aviation infrastructure. It also records the
third highest private investment in transport research and development and a
transposition rate of EU transport directives of 100%. However, it is facing a
high number of infringement cases concerning rail transport.
Due to its recent accession, Croatia has not been included in all assessment categories. It has
a high motorway density, but needs to improve its road safety score.
Italy is among the
countries with the highest share of electrified railway lines. It has the
lowest transposition rate of EU transport directives and a number of pending
infringement cases.
The port infrastructure of
Cyprus is rated amongst the best in the EU. Cyprus receives low scores for
the environmental impact of road transport.
Latvia faces a
challenge concerning the environmental impact of road and rail transport. It
has a clean 100% transposition record, but low scores in innovation.
Lithuania's rail
market is closed to competition, with a low share of electrified railway lines.
Lithuania needs to improve its road safety record. It is amongst the countries
with the lowest number of pending infringement cases.
Luxembourg has the
highest percentage of electrified railway lines in the EU (95.3%). It has only
a few infringement cases pending.
Hungary ranks in
the middle of the table for many indicators. However, it receives low ratings
for aviation infrastructure and logistics.
Malta does not
feature in a number of categories, due to the absence of railways and
motorways. It is amongst the top performers for the environmental impact of
road transport.
The Netherlands
scores highest across the EU for the quality of its port and air transport
infrastructure. The Netherlands and Denmark are the only countries without any
appearance among the bottom performers in any category. The Netherlands is also
runner-up to Germany in the World Bank's Logistics Performance Index.
Austria ranks in
the middle for most categories, with good scores for innovation and a low level
of regulation (few restrictions) in road freight transport.
Poland is among the
countries with the biggest market share of competitors in rail passenger
transport across the EU. However, its transport infrastructure is rated amongst
the least efficient. It also faces challenges in road and railway safety and
records a high number of infringement cases about rail transport.
Portugal scores
highly for its high percentage of innovative transport companies. It is among
the countries with the most pending infringement cases.
Romania has the
highest market share of competitors in rail freight transport. However, its
rail infrastructure is rated poorly. It has the EU's highest number of road
fatalities per million inhabitants.
Slovenia has the
EU's highest motorway density and very few pending infringement cases. It also
has the highest percentage of innovative transport companies. It is amongst the
bottom performers for logistics.
Slovakia is among
the countries with the least restrictive regulation of air passenger transport.
Its air transport infrastructure however is rated poorly.
The rail market in Finland
is closed both for freight and for passenger transport. Its transport
infrastructure is rated very highly.
Sweden reports the
lowest number of road fatalities per million inhabitants across the EU. Sweden
also has a high share of electrified railway lines.
The United Kingdom
recorded the second lowest number of road fatalities in 2013. It has the
biggest market share of competitors in rail passenger transport across the EU.
It is among the countries with the biggest private investment in transport
research and development.
