STAT/14/50
28
March 2014
EU-Africa
Summit
A
deficit of 15 bn euro in EU28 trade in goods with Africa in 2013
Africa
accounts for 9% of EU28 trade
EU28
international
trade in goods with Africa1
has grown in the last decade. EU28
exports to Africa
increased steadily from 2002 to 2008, fell in 2009, and then
recovered in the following years to reach a peak of 153 billion euro
in 2013. Imports followed a similar trend, but peaked at 187 bn in
2012, and then fell to 168 bn in 2013. The
EU28
deficit in trade with Africa,
which
reached a peak of 41 bn in 2008, amounted to 15 bn in 2013.
On the occasion of the
fourth EU-Africa
Summit, which takes place on 2 and 3 April 2014 in Brussels,
Eurostat,
the statistical office of the European Union,
issues data on trade in goods between the 28 Member States of the EU
and 52 African
countries2.
France,
Germany and Italy largest EU28 exporters to Africa
Among
the EU28
Member States, the largest exporters to Africa
in 2013 were France
(28 bn euro or 18% of EU28 exports), Germany
(22 bn or 14%), Italy
(20 bn or 13%) and Spain
(16 bn or 11%). Spain
(28 bn or 17% of EU28 imports),
Italy
(27 bn or 16%), France
(26 bn or 16%), the United
Kingdom
(22 bn or 13%) and Germany
(21 bn or 12%) were the largest importers. The largest deficits in
2013 were registered by Spain
(-12 bn), the United
Kingdom
(-10 bn)
and
Italy
(-7 bn), while Belgium3
(+5 bn), France,
Romania
and Sweden
(all +2 bn) had the biggest surpluses.
Manufactured
goods accounted for 70% of EU28
exports to Africa
in 2013, while energy made up 64% of EU28
imports.
Algeria,
Nigeria, South Africa and Libya are the main African trading partners
of the EU28
Among
the African
countries,
South
Africa (24
bn euro or 16% of EU28 exports to Africa) was the leading destination
for EU28
exports in 2013, followed by Algeria
(22
bn or 15%), Morocco
(17 bn or 11%), Egypt
(15
bn or 10%), Nigeria
(12 bn or 8%) and Tunisia
(11 bn or 7%). The leading source of EU28
imports from Africa
was
Algeria
(32
bn or 19% of EU28 imports from Africa), followed by Nigeria
(29 bn or 17%), Libya
(23 bn or 14%), South
Africa
(16 bn or 9%) and Morocco
(10 bn or 6%). The largest EU28
deficits in trade in 2013 were recorded with Nigeria
(-17
bn), Libya
(-15 bn), Algeria
(-9 bn), Equatorial
Guinea
and Angola
(both -3 bn), and the highest surpluses with South
Africa
(+9 bn), Morocco
and
Egypt
(both +7 bn), Togo
and Senegal
(both +3 bn).
EU28
international trade in goods with Africa and the world
billion
euro
|
|
2002
|
2003
|
2004
|
2005
|
2006
|
2007
|
2008
|
2009
|
2010
|
2011
|
2012
|
2013
|
|
Africa
|
||||||||||||
|
Exports
|
69.7
|
69.8
|
76.0
|
86.2
|
91.4
|
102.5
|
119.6
|
107.9
|
125.6
|
136.3
|
150.7
|
152.9
|
|
Imports
|
82.3
|
82.8
|
87.6
|
110.8
|
127.9
|
130.8
|
160.9
|
111.8
|
136.9
|
151.5
|
186.6
|
168.0
|
|
Balance
|
-12.6
|
-13.0
|
-11.6
|
-24.6
|
-36.5
|
-28.4
|
-41.3
|
-3.9
|
-11.3
|
-15.3
|
-35.9
|
-15.1
|
|
Total
Extra-EU28
|
||||||||||||
|
Exports
|
885.3
|
861.7
|
945.2
|
1
049.5
|
1
152.4
|
1
234.3
|
1
309.1
|
1
094.0
|
1
353.2
|
1
554.3
|
1
683.1
|
1
732.9
|
|
Imports
|
937.0
|
935.2
|
1
027.4
|
1
183.9
|
1
364.6
|
1
446.8
|
1
585.2
|
1
235.6
|
1
532.1
|
1
728.3
|
1
798.3
|
1
683.4
|
|
Balance
|
-51.7
|
-73.5
|
-82.2
|
-134.4
|
-212.2
|
-212.5
|
-276.1
|
-141.7
|
-178.9
|
-174.1
|
-115.2
|
49.5
|
|
Africa
/ Total
|
||||||||||||
|
Exports
|
7.9%
|
8.1%
|
8.0%
|
8.2%
|
7.9%
|
8.3%
|
9.1%
|
9.9%
|
9.3%
|
8.8%
|
9.0%
|
8.8%
|
|
Imports
|
8.8%
|
8.9%
|
8.5%
|
9.4%
|
9.4%
|
9.0%
|
10.1%
|
9.0%
|
8.9%
|
8.8%
|
10.4%
|
10.0%
|
EU28
international trade in goods with Africa by product
million
euro
|
|
Exports
|
Imports
|
Balance
|
|||
|
|
2012
|
2013
|
2012
|
2013
|
2012
|
2013
|
|
Total
|
150
701
|
152
869
|
186
634
|
167
962
|
-35
933
|
-15
093
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Primary
goods:
|
43
848
|
43
539
|
144
353
|
128
846
|
-100
505
|
-85
307
|
|
Food
& drink
|
14
642
|
16
058
|
14
235
|
14
366
|
407
|
1
693
|
|
Raw
materials
|
5
394
|
4
918
|
8
361
|
7
330
|
-2
966
|
-2
412
|
|
Energy
|
23
812
|
22
564
|
121
757
|
107
150
|
-97
945
|
-84
587
|
|
Manufactured
goods:
|
104
664
|
106
797
|
34
747
|
35
396
|
69
917
|
71
401
|
|
Chemicals
|
18
207
|
18
803
|
4
061
|
4
292
|
14
146
|
14
510
|
|
Machinery
& vehicles4
|
54
317
|
55
696
|
10
017
|
10
393
|
44
301
|
45
303
|
|
Other
manuf’d goods4
|
32
139
|
32
298
|
20
669
|
20
711
|
11
471
|
11
587
|
|
Other
|
2
189
|
2
532
|
7
535
|
3
719
|
-5
346
|
-1
187
|
EU28
Member States international trade in goods with Africa
million
euro
|
|
Exports
|
Imports
|
Balance
|
|||
|
|
2012
|
2013
|
2012
|
2013
|
2012
|
2013
|
|
EU28
|
150
701
|
152
869
|
186
634
|
167
962
|
-35
933
|
-15
093
|
|
Belgium3
|
11
556
|
13
082
|
8
891
|
8
296
|
2
665
|
4
786
|
|
Bulgaria
|
745
|
977
|
138
|
234
|
607
|
744
|
|
Czech
Republic
|
1
114
|
1
256
|
301
|
361
|
813
|
896
|
|
Denmark
|
1
244
|
1
360
|
771
|
998
|
472
|
362
|
|
Germany
|
21
854
|
21
996
|
21
961
|
20
537
|
-107
|
1
459
|
|
Estonia
|
282
|
128
|
32
|
16
|
249
|
112
|
|
Ireland
|
1
285
|
1
336
|
1
850
|
879
|
-565
|
457
|
|
Greece
|
2
056
|
2
202
|
2
790
|
2
315
|
-734
|
-113
|
|
Spain
|
15
130
|
16
422
|
27
623
|
27
932
|
-12
492
|
-11
511
|
|
France
|
28
357
|
27
828
|
27
765
|
26
096
|
592
|
1
732
|
|
Croatia
|
356
|
235
|
152
|
160
|
203
|
75
|
|
Italy
|
18
966
|
20
397
|
35
218
|
26
913
|
-16
252
|
-6
516
|
|
Cyprus
|
65
|
93
|
50
|
44
|
16
|
49
|
|
Latvia
|
328
|
183
|
16
|
17
|
312
|
166
|
|
Lithuania
|
272
|
227
|
152
|
102
|
120
|
124
|
|
Luxembourg
|
232
|
159
|
6
|
9
|
226
|
151
|
|
Hungary
|
1
280
|
1
077
|
88
|
88
|
1
192
|
989
|
|
Malta
|
220
|
203
|
47
|
112
|
173
|
91
|
|
Netherlands3
|
14
951
|
14
727
|
22
415
|
19
095
|
-7
463
|
-4
368
|
|
Austria
|
1
641
|
1
684
|
2
222
|
2
136
|
-581
|
-452
|
|
Poland
|
1
531
|
1
975
|
825
|
905
|
705
|
1
070
|
|
Portugal
|
5
187
|
5
900
|
5
451
|
5
836
|
-264
|
64
|
|
Romania
|
1
786
|
2
055
|
414
|
365
|
1
372
|
1
690
|
|
Slovenia
|
565
|
543
|
301
|
338
|
264
|
204
|
|
Slovakia
|
381
|
409
|
134
|
147
|
247
|
262
|
|
Finland
|
1
691
|
1
290
|
564
|
670
|
1
128
|
621
|
|
Sweden
|
4
113
|
3
340
|
1
436
|
1
760
|
2
677
|
1
581
|
|
United
Kingdom
|
13
514
|
11
783
|
25
021
|
21
602
|
-11
507
|
-9
819
|
|
Total
extra-EU28
|
1
683 087
|
1
732 928
|
1
798 279
|
1
683 443
|
-115
192
|
49
484
|
|
Africa
/ Total
|
9.0%
|
8.8%
|
10.4%
|
10.0%
|
|
|
EU28
international trade in goods with African countries
million
euro
|
|
EU28
exports to:
|
EU28
imports from:
|
EU28
balance
|
|||
|
2012
|
2013
|
2012
|
2013
|
2012
|
2013
|
|
|
Africa
|
150
701
|
152
869
|
186
634
|
167
962
|
-35
933
|
-15
093
|
|
Algeria
|
21
124
|
22
387
|
32
764
|
31
832
|
-11
640
|
-9
444
|
|
Nigeria
|
11
441
|
11
743
|
33
045
|
28
650
|
-21
604
|
-16
907
|
|
South
Africa
|
25
575
|
24
486
|
20
510
|
15
537
|
5
065
|
8
948
|
|
Libya
|
6
373
|
7
903
|
32
830
|
23
173
|
-26
456
|
-15
271
|
|
Morocco
|
16
942
|
17
306
|
9
325
|
10
010
|
7
616
|
7
296
|
|
Egypt
|
15
536
|
14
919
|
8
512
|
7
936
|
7
025
|
6
984
|
|
Tunisia
|
11
208
|
11
169
|
9
528
|
9
350
|
1
680
|
1
819
|
|
Angola
|
6
202
|
6
207
|
7
095
|
9
311
|
-894
|
-3
104
|
|
Ghana
|
3
613
|
3
436
|
3
300
|
3
365
|
313
|
71
|
|
Côte
d’Ivoire
|
2
048
|
2
217
|
3
262
|
3
268
|
-1
214
|
-1
050
|
|
Equatorial
Guinea
|
764
|
827
|
5
291
|
4
035
|
-4
527
|
-3
208
|
|
Botswana
|
1
184
|
964
|
3
019
|
3
442
|
-1
835
|
-2
478
|
|
Cameroon
|
1
619
|
1
759
|
2
115
|
2
369
|
-496
|
-610
|
|
Togo
|
3
162
|
3
306
|
191
|
150
|
2
970
|
3
156
|
|
Senegal
|
3
323
|
2
983
|
340
|
342
|
2
983
|
2
640
|
|
Kenya
|
1
864
|
1
849
|
1
234
|
1
140
|
630
|
709
|
|
Gabon
|
1
380
|
1
490
|
1
051
|
1
446
|
329
|
43
|
|
Congo
|
1
257
|
1
375
|
2
435
|
1
375
|
-1
178
|
0
|
|
Dem.
Rep. Congo
|
1
065
|
1
062
|
673
|
1
135
|
392
|
-72
|
|
Mozambique
|
714
|
834
|
1
251
|
1
332
|
-537
|
-499
|
|
Mauritius
|
848
|
858
|
1
050
|
1
086
|
-202
|
-229
|
|
Ethiopia
|
1
174
|
1
215
|
644
|
545
|
530
|
670
|
|
Mauritania
|
1
207
|
1
231
|
594
|
494
|
613
|
737
|
|
Namibia
|
754
|
753
|
1
330
|
942
|
-576
|
-188
|
|
Guinea
|
950
|
1
193
|
523
|
435
|
426
|
758
|
|
Tanzania
|
1
051
|
932
|
469
|
525
|
582
|
408
|
|
Madagascar
|
517
|
539
|
583
|
735
|
-66
|
-196
|
|
Sudan
|
928
|
910
|
148
|
183
|
779
|
726
|
|
Liberia
|
578
|
560
|
274
|
520
|
304
|
40
|
|
Zambia
|
483
|
570
|
458
|
453
|
25
|
117
|
|
Benin
|
991
|
946
|
35
|
37
|
956
|
909
|
|
Niger
|
392
|
365
|
463
|
599
|
-71
|
-234
|
|
Uganda
|
501
|
468
|
413
|
430
|
89
|
38
|
|
Mali
|
706
|
754
|
32
|
42
|
674
|
712
|
|
Burkina
Faso
|
611
|
660
|
65
|
47
|
547
|
613
|
|
Zimbabwe
|
282
|
240
|
417
|
387
|
-135
|
-147
|
|
Seychelles
|
266
|
316
|
221
|
294
|
44
|
22
|
|
Cape
Verde
|
439
|
474
|
55
|
48
|
384
|
426
|
|
Sierra
Leone
|
326
|
303
|
220
|
170
|
105
|
132
|
|
Malawi
|
172
|
171
|
256
|
223
|
-85
|
-53
|
|
Chad
|
250
|
280
|
20
|
50
|
230
|
229
|
|
Swaziland
|
22
|
23
|
180
|
230
|
-158
|
-208
|
|
Rwanda
|
197
|
186
|
49
|
27
|
148
|
159
|
|
Lesotho
|
9
|
15
|
221
|
187
|
-212
|
-172
|
|
Djibouti
|
189
|
191
|
12
|
9
|
177
|
182
|
|
Gambia
|
136
|
125
|
16
|
9
|
121
|
116
|
|
Burundi
|
85
|
83
|
42
|
32
|
43
|
52
|
|
Eritrea
|
104
|
85
|
4
|
3
|
100
|
81
|
|
São
Tomé & Príncipe
|
54
|
57
|
6
|
4
|
48
|
53
|
|
Comoros
|
45
|
44
|
59
|
13
|
-14
|
31
|
|
Somalia
|
37
|
52
|
2
|
2
|
36
|
50
|
|
South
Sudan
|
:
|
50
|
:
|
0
|
:
|
50
|
0
= less than 0.5 mio. euro : Data not available
- Africa includes the 52 African countries participating in the Summit.
- For more data, see the publication “The European Union and the African Union – A statistical portrait”: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-SB-13-001/EN/KS-SB-13-001-EN.PDF
- Dutch imports and therefore the trade deficit are over-estimated because of the “Rotterdam effect” where goods destined for the rest of the EU arrive and are recorded in harmonised EU external trade statistics in Dutch ports. This then has a positive effect on the external trade balances with Africa of those Member States to which the goods are re-exported as these shipments would be recorded as intra-EU trade with the Netherlands rather than extra-EU trade with the Africa. To a lesser extent, Belgian trade figures are similarly over-estimated.
- Machinery and vehicles includes power generating and industrial machinery, computers, electric and electronic parts and equipment, road vehicles and parts, ships, airplanes and railway equipment.
Other
manufactured goods
include leather, rubber, wood, paper, textiles, metals, building
fixtures and fittings, furniture, clothes, shoes and accessories,
scientific instruments, clocks, watches and cameras.
Published
by: Eurostat
Press Office
Louise
CORSELLI-NORDBLAD
Tel:
+352-4301-33 444
For
further information
on data:
Gilberto
GAMBINI
Tel:
+352-4301-35 806
